solution

Dockerfile

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+FROM debian:bookworm
+RUN apt update && apt install -y apache2 && apt clean all
+LABEL maintainer="Thomas C <thomas@opendoor.fr>"
+LABEL version=0.42
+RUN mkdir -p /var/run/apache2
+COPY index.html /var/www/html/
+EXPOSE 80
+
+ENV APACHE_RUN_USER=www-data
+ENV APACHE_RUN_GROUP=www-data
+ENV APACHE_PID_FILE=/var/run/apache2/apache2.pid
+ENV APACHE_RUN_DIR=/var/run/apache2
+ENV APACHE_LOCK_DIR=/var/lock/apache2
+ENV APACHE_LOG_DIR=/var/log/apache2
+VOLUME  /var/www/html
+ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/sbin/apache2", "-DFOREGROUND" ]

index.html

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+<h1>hello in containerized apache</h1>